Edward Hebern of California designed this rotor for a cipher machine. Commercial rotary cipher machines would be introduced in the 1920s and 1930s for commercial purposes by several people in several ...

IIIF provides researchers rich metadata and media viewing options for comparison of works across cultural heritage collections. Visit the IIIF page to learn more. Edward Hebern of California designed ...

"Fritz Menzer did not just come up with this machine - he developed other machines. And he also worked on cryptanalysis machines to crack the codes of other countries. There has been no research on ...

Hagelin B-21; the beginning of the Hagelin pin wheel machines, superficially resembling the Enigma; developed by Boris Hagelin based on Arvid Gerhard Damm's patented design of the B-18; it has two pin ...