To start, graphs are composed of two primary objects: nodes and edges. In the picture above, the nodes are the circles, while the lines that connect them are edges. Typically, nodes represent some ...

Graph polynomials serve as robust algebraic encodings of the intricate combinatorial properties inherent to graphs. At the heart of this discipline lies the Tutte polynomial, an invariant that not ...

ABSTRACT: The primary purpose of this study is to present mathematical modeling methods inspired by graph theory operations and logic as a tool to structurally analyze the socio-economic composition ...