Ladder logic uses switch or relay contacts to implement Boolean expressions. In years past, ladder logic was made possible with discrete relays and was sometimes termed “relay logic.” Today most ...

A logic gate is an electronic component (or set of them) that performs a logic operation, in which the binary values 0 and 1 are represented with two different voltage values, as seen in the previous ...

The previous article examined the concept of logic gates. They can be made from discrete and active electronic components, although today logic gates are available within integrated circuits. In this ...

Abstract— Multipliers are crucial components in processors and arithmetic logic units. The performance of microsystems, microcontrollers, and DSP processors is often evaluated based on the number of ...