Nonparametric methods provide a flexible framework for estimating the probability density function of random variables without imposing a strict parametric model. By relying directly on observed data, ...

In this paper, we consider the function f p ( t )= 2p X 2 ( 2p t+p;p ) , where χ²(x; n) defined by X 2 ( x;p )= 2 −p/2 Γ( p/2 ) e −x/2 x p/2−1 , is the density function of a χ²-distribution with n ...

We propose a method for reconstructing a probability density function (pdf) from a sample of an n-dimensional probability distribution. The method works by iteratively applying some simple ...

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Continuous Variable: can take on any value between two specified values. Obtained by measuring. Discrete Variable: not continuous variable (cannot take on any value between two specified values).