Algebraic structures are fundamental mathematical entities defined by sets equipped with operations that satisfy specific axioms, such as groups, rings, and fields. Function spaces, by contrast, are ...

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has rapidly evolved throughout the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Several SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VoCs) have ...

An essential component of the lymphatic system, the thymus, a pyramid-shaped organ located in the thoracic cavity, is responsible for producing T-cells. For centuries, the thymus was believed to be an ...

Inspired by the simple mechanism of a seesaw—when one side goes up, the other side goes down—researchers asked an intriguing ...

While prokaryotic cells do not have membrane-bound structures, they do have distinct cellular regions (Figure 1). In prokaryotic cells, DNA bundles together in a region called the nucleoid. Primitive ...

The thyroid cartilage surrounds the thyroid gland in the middle of the throat. Its primary function is to protect and support the vocal cords. It is one of the laryngeal cartilages, which make up the ...

To meet the growing demand for high-performance, lightweight, and intelligent materials in the aerospace, automotive, and energy/power sectors, engineering ...