Magnetic fields in the halo of the Milky Way have a toroidal structure, extending in the radius range of 6000 light-year to 50,000 light-year from the Galaxy center. The Sun is at about 30,000 ...

Tokamak Energy says its engineers have successfully validated electromagnetic current test results of the first of 14 toroidal field limbs in liquid nitrogen at temperatures of -200 degrees Celsius.

Topology in optics and photonics has been a hot topic since 1890 where singularities in electromagnetic fields have been considered. The recent award of the Nobel prize for topology developments in ...